Groundwater Contamination

Untreated wastewater that seeps into the ground from a septic tank can contaminate local groundwater sources. This can lead to high levels of pollutants in the water and altered levels of oxygen, chloride, and other minerals. This contamination can sometimes cause health problems for those who consume the water. 

Increase in Nutrients

Septic systems can release excessive nutrients into nearby water sources. These nutrients can lead to increased algae, which can further damage the water quality by consuming oxygen and killing aquatic life. 

Flooding of Nearby Areas

When septic systems become overwhelmed, they can overflow and flood nearby areas. This can further contaminate drinking water sources, resulting in both health and environmental issues. Therefore, it is important to maintain septic systems and check them regularly to ensure they function correctly.

Contamination of Soil 

Septic systems can also cause contamination of local soil. Unmaintained systems and malfunctioning units can cause wastewater to leak directly into the surrounding soil. This can result in hazardous materials such as pathogens and pollutants entering the environment and potentially polluting nearby drinking water sources.

Leaching of Chemicals 

Septic systems sometimes fail to hold and filter out contaminants such as nitrates, chlorides, and phosphates. These chemicals are then leached into the surrounding environment, contaminating the nearby water table. Not only can this contaminate home and agricultural wells, but it can also contaminate larger rivers, lakes, and coastal areas.

Soil Erosion 

Soil Degradation 

Salts

The backwash from septic systems can contain high salts, which can be extremely damaging to the environment. Salts entering drinking water can cause several health issues, like dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Furthermore, salts can rob agricultural land of fertility, creating an environment that is not conducive to farming. Finally, when salt is present in the air, it can form dust particles that eventually enter drinking water sources.

Steps to Ensure These Treatment Systems Function Properly.

By taking these steps, individuals can help to protect drinking water quality even when living in a home with a septic system.

Regular Inspection

Septic systems should be inspected at least once every three to five years by a trained professional from a company specializing in septic tank pumping Chattanooga, depending on local codes and regulations. This can help to identify any potential issues before they become major problems. 

Proper Maintenance

All septic system components should be maintained according to manufacturer guidelines, including cleaning the tank regularly and replacing any defective components. This can help reduce the risk of contamination of local drinking water supplies. 

Careful Disposal of Household Chemicals

When disposing of household chemicals and other hazardous materials, it is important to remember that they can all have an adverse effect on drinking water quality. Chemicals should never be disposed of in the septic system, as this could contaminate the groundwater and local drinking water. They should instead be taken to a hazardous waste disposal facility. 

Responsible Landscaping

Trees and large shrubs, for example, should never be planted too close to the tank as their roots can cause significant damage or blockages. Other structures, such as driveways and patios, should also not be built directly over the tank as this could impede its function.

Protective Measures 

Homeowners should also take protective measures when installing a new system or repairing an existing one. Special materials such as clay compaction blankets, trench liners, and filters can be installed around the septic system to keep contaminants from entering nearby drinking water sources. 

Proper Treatment of Waste 

Properly treating waste is essential to ensure it does not enter drinking water sources. Reducing the number of toxic materials and chemicals used in the home and disposing of them correctly can help decrease the chances that they will enter the water supply. Additionally, reducing the amount of wastewater by conserving water can help keep drinking water clean.